Composition foe rectifying ahd effteusieyhstg linffiotous light



Unn s'rArns PATENT ormcn.

OSCAR WARREN PICKERING, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

COMPOSITION FOR RECTIFYING AND INTENSIFYIIN'G LUMDTOUS LIGHT.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known-that I, OSCAR WARREN PICK- ERING, a citizen of the United States, resid-.

ing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden andv State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composition for Rectifying and Intensifying Luminous Light, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a new composition of matter for transforming and converting light from a luminant retarding or, nonluminous character to a luminous variety and rectifying luminous light so that its luminosity is increased in brilliancy over that ordinarily produced by means of combustion, electricity or other means, and has for its object the production of a material and a composition containing a radio-active and photo-active substance and avehicle or carrier, and augmented by an adhesive substance so that it can be attachably applied to glass or other objects through which or upon which light of composite nature containing luminous light obstructing rays may impinge or pass, whereby the luminous obstructing rays are removed or transformed and the light rectified or increased in brilliancy as to its illuminating qualities, and whereby non-luminous rays may be converted into luminous rays, and it comprises a fluid or liquifiable composition containing radio-active and photo-active ingredients and a vehicle preferably associated with an adhesive and also a diluent preferably of volatile nature and which has vehicle solvent character.

As an example of the composition and the manner in which it is produced, a composi tion for application and employment in the conversion or rectification of composite light produced by ordinary incandescent electric light through carbon filaments into a more brilliant illuminating light approaching sunlight in character, will be taken.

A mixture of amyl acetate %,alcohol 40% and benzin 20%, to which is added 5% of gum masticis prepared and to one gallon of which is added 5 ounces of n trocellulose and the whole thoroughly mixed until the ingredients are uniformly associated and the nitrocellulose dissolved, after which one-half of one per cent. of ultramarine is added and thoroughly mixed in by agitation and incorporated therewith after which the composition is ready for use.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 29, 1916.

Application filed August 31,1912. Serial No. 718,182.

The composition can be of any selective character as to constituents or consistency so long as it comprises a radio-active and photoactlve substance and a vehicle rich in' oxygen, or the same associated with a solvent of volatlle nature or augmented by an adhesive substance.

Some of the materials of radio-active and photo-active character which can be employed and substituted for the ultramarine as specifically described, includes such substances as thorium, barium, uranium, radium, tungsten, vanadium, calcium, strontium, lanthanium, cerium, zirconium, and like substances preferably associated or combined with sulfur, sulfur and silicon, or oxygen, forming sulfids, thiosilicates, oxids or any combination thereof, individually as such, or combined or united in the form of double or poly metal compounds, such as calcium, thorium, or other metal tungstate, uraninate, vanadate, or other single or composite metal oxygen compound, or single or composite metal sulfite or sulfur compound, or single or composite metal thiosilicate, or metal or metals oxid, sulfid, or thiosilicate containing substance or composition, either per se or associated with a vehicle or earner of bonding or supporting nature, together with a vehicle solvent or diluent together with an adhesive agent or substance. The ultramarine being an aluminum silicon oxy-compound associated with sulfur and sodium probably as sodium sulfid and aluminum thiosilicate, whichis rendered luminous by radio-active and invisible forms of energy such as are ordinarily evolved and lost in the usual means employed-in producing light.

The radio-active and photo-active material or ingredient of the composition or vehicle or carrying medium or agent therein for such active ingredient, maybe of solid, semisolid, or fluid nature and of animal, vegetable or mineral origin or artificially or synthetically prepared, and of any physical character of color or consistency so long as it cc-acts to rectify lightand produces the efiect desired, transmits light when fixed, is

not opaque in a finely divided state, and does not materially interfere or obstruct the operation of the photo-active substance and is in ert thereto. The converting or rectifying radio-active or photo-active ingredient of the composition may also have or combine the species or variety of light evolving or inducing character such as luminiscence,

fluorescence, or phosphorescence. Certain vegetable substances may-also be employed as photo-rectifying or photo-active ingredient, such as tannic acid, gallic acid pyrogallic acid, or'salts, compounds, or substitution products thereof, or containing the active ingredient of the same. 5

Any other vehicle rich in oxygen may be employed than nitrocellulose or other adhesive than gum mastic and also any other diluent of volatile or other nature in the composition so long as it produces a composition comprising a. radio-active and photo-active ingredient and a vehicle or the same associated Twith an adhesive, or with a volatile diluent or both The radio-active and photo-active substance, or ingredient or vehicle, or both may be of animal, vegetable or mineral origin or artificially or synthetically prepared and of any physical character of color or consistency so long as it coacts to rectify light and produce the desired-'efiect as afore noted without departing from the spirit of the invention, which comprises a composition ineluding aradio-active and photo-active in- .lator of the gredient and a vehicle preferably associated with an adhesive and a volatile vehicle solvent'or diluent.

The term hoto-active. as employed in this specification and claims is intended to imply and does imply a substance capable of acting upon light transforming or eliminatingilluminant retarding \or obstructing rays, such as red, and converting the light into a more luminous character and the term radio-active is intended to imply and does imply a substance capable of converting non-luminous into luminous rays, such as blue and ultra-violet, and enhancing the photo change of the light from non-luminous to luminous character by superenergizing the same as the light impinges upon or comes in contacttherewith'and notto a material acted upon orchanged by light," and the material is not itselfc'phosphorescent, luminous, luminescent, or fluorescent, but is transparent or light transmitting in character, and acts upon the llight, instead of the ing a light transmitting and wave altering substance of blue color and non-luminous nature, nitrocellulose, and an adhesive agent.

light acting upon it, as a justifier'for regulight rays or waves'ini'such a -manneras to destroy luminous obstructing rays, such as red in excess, or step up the energy or transform the waves or undulations in such a manner that the composite waves are unified andconverted into a character similar to sun-light.

It should be noted that a luminous, or luminescent materlal in the phosphorescent,

sense revealed and employed as relating to luminous paints is light emitting but not transmitting as is the case in employment of the present invention. It should also be noted that the material capable of transforming light is retained in and by a vehicle of highly oxygen containing character which prevents deoxidation or reduction transformation of the material and maintains it claimed herein is at once light transmitting,

non-luminous, and permanent or chemically unchanged, altered, or decomposed by light when associated with a vehicle rich in oxygen, such as nitrocellulose. The essential feature or property of the light active ingredient, such as ultramarine, being that of light transmission and alteration of the light by action of the ingredient upon the same, in contradistinction to and from luminous, fluorescent, or phosphorescent substances Which evolve, emit or reflect light and are not of light transmitting character.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1 A new composition of matter comprising ultramarine, nitrocellulose, an adhesive agent and a solvent. p

2. A new composition of matter comprising ultramarine, nitrocellulose, gum mastic,

ing ultramarine, nitrocellulose, gum mastic,

amyl acetate, alcohol and benzin. 5. A new composition ofmatter comprising a light transmitting and wave. altering substance of non-luminous nature, -nitrocellulose, and an adhesive agent.

6. A new composltlon of matter compris- In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

OSCAR WARREN PICKIERING.

Witnesses:

J. E. CLEGG, ll, L. WHILTNER. 

